Top 10k strings from Chess Tutor 1 (1983)(Sinclair Research)(Side A).tzx in <root> / bin / z80 / software / Sinclair Spectrum Collection TOSEC.exe / Sinclair ZX Spectrum - Utilities & Educational / Sinclair ZX Spectrum - Utilities & Educational - [TZX] (TOSEC-v2007-01-01) /

Back to the directory listing

   4 e;"Correct";
   4 d;"       ":
   4 d,q;"The rules are:":
   4 a$="pa3c4d4e2f5h2zpa7b6c5d6e7f6":
   3 t$="What squares can the Black king move to?":
   3 p);"-";a$(r
   3 a$="0"+v$(p
   2 zd,q;"enter ";:
   2 zd,q;"Enter a number":
   2 x$="white":
   2 x$="black":
   2 u*index+p)
   2 t$="What squares can the White king move to?":
   2 t$="What is the attacking move?":
   2 t$="Do you want to see my solution?":
   2 r$="Pawn captured":
   2 r$="Black wins":
   2 r$="A knight moves two squares along and one square sideways.":
   2 e;"Wrong.";
   2 e;"Not correct";
   2 c$="041pqb8":
   2 c$(cc+r)="p"
   2 a$=x$((u-o)*index+r
   2 a$=s$(o,b2-o
   2 a$="pd4zpc5":
   2 a$="pc4zpb5":
   2 a$="pb4nc5zpb5":
   2 a$="b1c3":
   2 a$="0"+r$:
   1 zp,zp;"BY COMPUTER":
   1 zp,q;"What exercise number do you     want to start with? ( 1 to ";ed;")":
   1 zp,q;"The King is a short-range piece,as it can only move one square  at a time (except when          castling)."
   1 zp,q;"He can switch quickly from      attack to defence, or change thedirection of an attack."
   1 zp,q;"Do you want to stay in this     section?":
   1 zp,q;"Do you want to see the          introduction again?";y$;y$:
   1 zp,q;"Are you restarting in this      section from an earlier session?":
   1 zp,q;" 2. It is not possible to           'uncastle' pieces back to       their original positions."
   1 zp,q;" 2. He can move in any direction    to an adjoining square, as      long as that square is not      attacked by any enemy piece."
   1 zl,q;y$;y$:
   1 zl,q;"Press any key to continue":
   1 zk,q;y$;y$;"    ":
   1 zk,q;"Wrong. Try again.";y$:
   1 zk,q;"Next try      ":
   1 zh,q;"Which Part do you want?":
   1 zh,q;"Moves found :";:
   1 zh,q;"If you want to exit from this   Part of the Course Enter 0. You will have to Load further coursematerial if you want a new Part.":
   1 zh,q;"Do you want the next exercise inthis section?":
   1 zh,q;"Do you want an exercise from    this section?":
   1 zh,q;" 4. On most computers you need      only enter the first move -     the computer does the rest."
   1 zh,q;"  3. It cannot jump over any         other pawn or piece.":
   1 ze,q;"to continue   ":
   1 ze,q;"Type x to exit":
   1 ze,q;"Too long      ":
   1 ze,q;"Since it's movements are so     restricted, it takes time to    move the King away from danger.":
   1 ze,q;"She is generally valued at eightpawns. Make sure you don't allowher to be captured by a piece oflesser value."
   1 ze,q;"Illegal answer":
   1 ze,q;"(z to correct)"
   1 ze,q;"(x for answer)":
   1 ze,q;"(type b or w)":
   1 zd,q;"black or white":
   1 zd,q;"Type y for yes":
   1 zd,q;"Press any key ":
   1 zd,q;"A pawn is usually promoted to   queen, because of the queen's   power. You do not HAVE to do    this, however; you can promote  to a knight, for example.":
   1 zd,q;" 3. It is not possible to castle    if the King has already         moved, or if the Rook has       already moved."
   1 zd,q;"  2. On it's first move, it can      move either one or two          squares forward."
   1 zc,q;"It can switch quickly from      attack to defence, or change thedirection of an attack.":
   1 zc,q;" 3. To record the Castle move,      the symbols 'o-o' (for          Kingside) and 'o-o-o' (for      Queenside) are used."
   1 zc,e;"Introductory Course":
   1 zc*v)=y$(o
   1 zb,q;" 6. The King cannot Castle into     Check, or through Check."
   1 za,q;" 1. The pawn that captures must     be on Rank 5 if it is White,    or Rank 4 if it is Black."
   1 yd=yd/max:
   1 y$="              ":
   1 y$;y$;"    ":
   1 xd=xd/max:
   1 x$="h1g1":
   1 x$="f3g1":
   1 x$="f1a6":
   1 x$="e6e3":
   1 x$="e5f3g5h7f8e6g7e8d6e4c3d5b4a2c1b3a1c2a3b1d2c4a5b7d8c6d4b5a7c8b6a8c7a6b8d7c5a4b2d1f2h1g3e2g1h3f4h5f6g8e7f5h4g6h8f7h6g4h2f1e3g2e1d3e5":
   1 x$="e5d6":
   1 x$="d5h1":
   1 x$="d5c4":
   1 x$="d4e6":
   1 x$="d4e3":
   1 x$="d4c5":
   1 x$="c6f3":
   1 x$="c4c5":
   1 x$="c4b5":
   1 x$="c2e4":
   1 x$="b6c8":
   1 x$="b5c7":
   1 x$="b3d5":
   1 x$="b1b7b1b3b1f5b1g6":
   1 x$="a7a5":
   1 x$="a1b3":
   1 x$="8sd3d4d5e3e5f3f4f5":
   1 x$="8sb4c3e3f4f6e7c7b6":
   1 x$="8sa5b8e8h8h5h2e1a1":
   1 x$="8rc3a3f8c3b4f8c3c5f8c3c8f8c3f6f8c3g7f8c3h8f8c3f3f8":
   1 x$="6sa1a2c2c3d2e2":
   1 x$="6ma3a4d4d5e2e3e2e4h2h3h2h4":
   1 x$="4se8e7g8g7":
   1 x$="4sd8d1a4h4":
   1 x$="4sc1f1c8f8":
   1 x$="4sb4d4c5e5":
   1 x$="4sa1h1a8h8":
   1 x$="3sh2h3h4":
   1 x$="3sf5f6f7":
   1 x$="3se2f2f1":
   1 x$="3sb5g5h1":
   1 x$="3sa7b7b8":
   1 x$="3rf2f3b7f2g2b7f2f7b7":
   1 x$="3mf8e8f8f7f8f6":
   1 x$="2sh8f6":
   1 x$="2sg6h6":
   1 x$="2sd7d5":
   1 x$="2sd1d8":
   1 x$="2sc4f5":
   1 x$="2sb8g8":
   1 x$="2sb7e8":
   1 x$="2sb3c2":
   1 x$="2sb2f2":
   1 x$="2sb1c1":
   1 x$="2sa3d2":
   1 x$="2me2e4e2e3":
   1 x$="2mc4a4c4c2":
   1 x$="2df1h3f1a6":
   1 x$="03dwwc3d5":
   1 x$="02pwbb7b6a5a4b6b5a4a3b5b4a3a2b4b3a2a1":
   1 x$="01xwwh2h4h4h5h5h6h6h7h7h8":
   1 x$="01xwwh1f2f2g4g4h6h6g8g8f6f6e8e8d6d6c4c4e5e5c6c6a7a7c8c8b6":
   1 x$="01xwwa1b2b2c3c3d4d4c5c5b6b6a7a7a8"
   1 x$="01xww"+a$+s$(o,v*k8-k7
   1 x$="01xww"+"c5"+s$(o,u*k8-k7
   1 x$="01swwb2d2d2d6d6h6":
   1 x$="01swwa8d8d8d2":
   1 x$="01pwwe4d6b5d6":
   1 x$="01pwwb4b5g7f7b5b6f7e7b6b7e7d8b7b8":
   1 x$="01pwwa1a7e7e5a7b7e5e4b7c7e4e3c7d7e3e2d7e7e2e1e7e1":
   1 x$="01pwbb4b5f7e7b5b6e7d7b6b7d7c7b7b8c7b8":
   1 x$="01pwba2a4h7h5a4a5h5h4a5a6h4h3a6a7h3h2a7a8h2h1a8h1":
   1 x$="01dwxe2e3c5d4e3e4":
   1 x$="01dwwe2e4e7e5g1f3b8c6b1c3g8f6f1c4f8c5d2d3d7d6c1g5c8d7d1d2d8e7":
   1 x$="01dwwd4c5b6c5":
   1 x$="01dwwd2d4d7d5b1c3e7e6":
   1 x$="01dbxe7e5d4c5d6c5":
   1 x$="01dbxc5d4e2e4":
   1 x$="01dbwe7e5f5e6":
   1 x$="01dbwc5d4":
   1 x$="01dbbh7h5a2a4h5h4a4a5h4h3a5a6h3h2a6a7h2h1a7a8h1a8":
   1 x$="01dbbf7e7g6h5":
   1 x$="01dbbd7e8g6h5":
   1 x$="01dbbd5e3f2e3":
   1 x$(r)="x")
   1 x$(p)+l*sgnb):
   1 x$(o)+l*sgna)+
   1 w$(p-h,i):
   1 v;" ";x$(v*t-r
   1 v+d,q;v;" ";a$(o
   1 v*t-p);"-";x$(v*t-o
   1 u*t+p)+x$(u*t-o
   1 u*p-p);"-";x$(u*p-o
   1 u*k8-e)+s$(o,u*k8-k7
   1 t,q;"Your move     ":
   1 t,q;"You've already":
   1 t,q;"Wrong starting":
   1 t,q;"When a pawn reaches the enemy   back rank, it must be exchanged for a piece. This is known as   pawn promotion.The rules are:-"
   1 t,q;"Well done.    "
   1 t,q;"Tried already":
   1 t,q;"The correct":
   1 t,q;"The answer is ":
   1 t,q;"Stalemate     ":
   1 t,q;"Question over ":
   1 t,q;"Occupied by   ":
   1 t,q;"My solution   ":
   1 t,q;"My move       ":
   1 t,q;"Move ";u-o;" ";x$(u*p-r
   1 t,q;"Move ";l3;" ";a$(o
   1 t,q;"I win      ":
   1 t,q;"Enter your    ":
   1 t,q;"Dble. ch.     ":
   1 t,q;"Choose a move ":
   1 t,q;"Choice : ";x$(num*t-r
   1 t,q;"Checkmate     ":
   1 t,q;"Check         ":
   1 t);"    ":
   1 t),r+e*((a$(o
   1 t$="now you play Black; my first move."
   1 t$="b1-b7 attacks the undefended rook a8.":
   1 t$="You play Black's moves."
   1 t$="You have found all the moves. Congratulations.":
   1 t$="You are White. Try moving e4-d6.":
   1 t$="You are White. Can you catch both the Black pawns before they queen?":
   1 t$="You are Black- but I'm having the first move.":
   1 t$="Would you like another piece?":
   1 t$="With what move can the b6 knight capture a Black piece?":
   1 t$="With what move can White capture a Black pawn?":
   1 t$="With what move can Black now capture en passant?":
   1 t$="Who controls most squares in this position, Black or White?":
   1 t$="White to play. Capture all Blacks men with your knight, without moving to the same square twice.":
   1 t$="White is attacking 9 vacant squares. How many is Black attacking?":
   1 t$="White has the first move, with Black following. Each player then moves alternately. Here is an example."
   1 t$="White has played e2-e4, and Black has responded c7-c6. Can White now move e4-e5?":
   1 t$="White has decided to attack and win the Black pawn. There are 3 routes for her to capture the pawn in 2 moves. What are they?"
   1 t$="White has castled Kingside, Black castled Queenside. Both players could have castled the other way."
   1 t$="White decides to open with his king's pawn. What moves can he legally make?":
   1 t$="White castles Queenside.":
   1 t$="Which squares can the knight d5 jump to?":
   1 t$="Which squares can the knight a1 jump to?":
   1 t$="Which rook occupies the worst position on the board?":
   1 t$="Which rook has the best position on the board?":
   1 t$="Which move can the a1 knight make?":
   1 t$="Which diagonal is the black bishop moving up?":
   1 t$="Which colour would you choose - Black because of the undefended pawn capture c5-d4, or White because of the passed pawn?":
   1 t$="Which White pawns cannot move forward because their way is blocked?":
   1 t$="Which White men can the Black queen capture, without herself being captured?"
   1 t$="What squares can the White queen move to?":
   1 t$="What squares can the Black queen move to that are not guarded by White pieces?":
   1 t$="What squares can he move to?":
   1 t$="What squares are being attacked/defended by the Black pawns at c5 and d6?":
   1 t$="What squares along  the file can rook h1 move to?":
   1 t$="What square is the white queen on?
   1 t$="What square can the White king now move to?":
   1 t$="What rook moves can Black make, that capture White pawns, without the Black rook being threatened?":
   1 t$="What rook move can White play, which captures a Black piece, without the White rook itself being captured?":
   1 t$="What rank is the rook moving across?":
   1 t$="What rank do the Black pawns occupy at the start of the game?":
   1 t$="What pieces can the Black king capture?":
   1 t$="What piece can the White king capture?":
   1 t$="What pawns are being attacked by the Black bishop at d4?":
   1 t$="What other squares can this knight move to?":
   1 t$="What is the worst capturing move Black can make?":
   1 t$="What is the smallest number of moves with which the rook can capture pawn h6?":
   1 t$="What is the smallest number of moves (manouvre) in which the Black rook can attack White's pawns at a2 and e2?":
   1 t$="What is the queening square for the pawn h2?":
   1 t$="What is the furthest square that rook c8 can move to?":
   1 t$="What is rook h1's only move along the rank?":
   1 t$="What file is the white pawn moving up?":
   1 t$="What do you consider to be the best of these three moves for Black?":
   1 t$="What diagonals can the bishop on f1 move along?":
   1 t$="What are their starting squares?":
   1 t$="What are the furthest squares the rook can move to in each direction?":
   1 t$="What are the furthest squares the queen can move to in each direction?"
   1 t$="What are rook f8's possible moves?":
   1 t$="What are all the other possible moves for White?":
   1 t$="What additional squares can the Black king now move to?":
   1 t$="Well done - but you didn't end up in the right place. Better luck next time.":
   1 t$="Watch. There is no White pawn to take Black's pawn on d4.":
   1 t$="Watch these opening moves.":
   1 t$="Watch as White takes the Black pawn en passant"
   1 t$="Try to find Whites winning sequence.":
   1 t$="This shows a Bishop on the 5th rank, on the d file. This position is d5.":
   1 t$="This move is a blunder. It loses the queen to the Black bishop."
   1 t$="This move attacks the rook f7.":
   1 t$="This exercise shows how important it is whose turn it is to move. White's move threatens the Black bishop. Black's move captures a pawn.":
   1 t$="This exercise is a pawn race.":
   1 t$="These are the ranks. They are numbered 1 to 8. You can see rank 4 being flashed.":
   1 t$="There was an alternative move for White. What was it?":
   1 t$="There are five ways in which The White knight can capture the black pawn in three moves. You are White- your move.":
   1 t$="The white pawns are attacking all those squares (10 in all) that are flashing.":
   1 t$="The squares c5,f6,and g5 are guarded by Black pawns.":
   1 t$="The squares c3,d2,f2, and g3 are occupied by his own pieces.":
   1 t$="The rook a1 can only move to two squares. Which ones?":
   1 t$="The question mark you can see records that this was a poor move.":
   1 t$="The pawn at h2 is known as a passed pawn.":
   1 t$="The other purpose of castling is to bring a rook quickly into play. Here, both rooks are out of play at the side."
   1 t$="The moral to this exercise is: the knight in the centre of the board controls more squares than the other knights.":
   1 t$="The method by which the rook moves from one part of the board to another is known as a manouvre.":
   1 t$="The knight g4 can jump backwards to what vacant square?":
   1 t$="The knight f3 can capture a piece. With what move?":
   1 t$="The king moves slowly. Sometimes even a pawn can outpace a chasing king.":
   1 t$="The king has the ability to reach a square by a number of different routes, all of which take the same number of moves.":
   1 t$="The final move of the knight should put it back on the starting square (e5).":
   1 t$="The diagonals are also important. You can see the diagonal a2-g8 being flashed.":
   1 t$="The conclusion is that White is better placed because he controls more squares than Black.":
   1 t$="The castle move consists of:    1.Moving the king two squares to the right or left.":
   1 t$="The bishop c1 can move to any other square on the diagonals c1-a3 and c1-h6.":
   1 t$="The White rook prevents him from moving to the d file.":
   1 t$="The White knight is being attacked by a Black pawn - from which square?":
   1 t$="The White bishop stops the king from moving to e7.":
   1 t$="The Knight Tour. Can you find a sequence of knight moves, in which the knight moves once to each square on the board?":
   1 t$="The Black queen wants to get from c3 to f8 in two moves. Enter all the ways in which she can do this (e.g. c3-a3-f8)."
   1 t$="The Black king could have moved along the 6th rank or the 8th rank- but the result would be the same.":
   1 t$="Test the Rule yourself on your own board, by placing the Black king in various positions inside and outside the Square.":
   1 t$="Suppose it is Black's turn to play. What is his best move?"
   1 t$="Suppose White had instead defended the pawn d4 by e2-e3; Black replies c5-d4, followed by e3-e4 from White (like this).":
   1 t$="Starting play. Play is started with a full board, as shown above.":
   1 t$="Solution "+
   1 t$="See how the Black pawns defend each other. Pawn d6 defends c5. What other pawn defends c5?":
   1 t$="Remember - the queen is the most manouverable piece on the board.":
   1 t$="Picture a Square on the board, using the distance from the pawn to the queening square as the side.":
   1 t$="Pawns can only move diagonally when they are capturing another piece. They can never move more than two spaces forward.":
   1 t$="Pawn c6 is protected by rook e6, whilst pawn g4 is protected by pawn h3.":
   1 t$="One but not both of Blacks pieces may be defended. Here is one possible continuation.":
   1 t$="On which square must a knight be placed to control the flashing squares?":
   1 t$="On what squares do the two queens start the game?"
   1 t$="Often a king may only be able to reach a square by manouvering round an obstacle or danger area.":
   1 t$="Now watch these moves.":
   1 t$="Now try to find them.":
   1 t$="Now make them.":
   1 t$="Now it is Black's turn to play first. Who will win the game- Black or White?":
   1 t$="Notice that the queen always starts play standing on it's own colour.":
   1 t$="Notice that the knight ends up on a different coloured square to the one he started on.":
   1 t$="Notes. 1. The a3 pawn has already moved, so can only move one square forward.":
   1 t$="Note that you do NOT capture in CHESS by jumping over the captured piece.":
   1 t$="Note how the moves are recorded (on the left-hand side of the screen). Move 1 refers to both White's and Black's first move.":
   1 t$="Never lose your queen to a piece of lesser value.":
   1 t$="Many Congratulations! Although there are a number of solutions to this puzzle, finding one is a real achievement.":
   1 t$="Look at the sphere of influence of the Black queen.":
   1 t$="Let's prove that the method works. You are White; Your first move.":
   1 t$="It's path to the back rank is not blocked or threatened by enemy pawns, either on it's own file or on those next to it."
   1 t$="It is Black to move. Can he capture the pawn at f3 without himself being captured?":
   1 t$="Is this a legal position?":
   1 t$="Is the distance for the White king to move from a1 to a8 the same as from a1 to h8?":
   1 t$="Is a3-b5 a legal move?":
   1 t$="In this position, can Black stop the White pawn from queening?":
   1 t$="In this example, both players plan to develop their pieces as soon as possible. This is easy for all pieces except rooks.":
   1 t$="In this case, the pawn took 5 moves to reach the queening square, while the king took 6 moves.":
   1 t$="In these cases, Black's queen is captured by a piece of lesser value, and White gains an advantage."
   1 t$="In an endgame, where a king becomes an attacking piece, this characteristic is important.":
   1 t$="In Chess, the main battlefield is usually at the centre of the board.":
   1 t$="In CHESS , the capturing piece moves to the square occupied by the enemy piece, which is then removed from the board.":
   1 t$="If the defending king is outside the Square, the pawn cannot be stopped from queening.":
   1 t$="If it is White to play, can he safely win a pawn by playing d4-c5?":
   1 t$="If it is White to play, can Black force a draw, by preventing the pawn from queening?"
   1 t$="If it is Black's move, can he gain a pawn?":
   1 t$="If either king stays for too long on it's original square, it becomes exposed to attack.":
   1 t$="If White moves first, he immediately gets a draw. Watch.":
   1 t$="Identify the four squares on which the rooks start the game.":
   1 t$="I am going to show you the starting positions of the various pieces. Which piece would you like to see?":
   1 t$="How many squares can the knight h4 jump to?":
   1 t$="How many squares can the knight at f7 move to?":
   1 t$="How many moves will it take for the h2 pawn to queen?":
   1 t$="How many knights does each player have?":
   1 t$="How many directions can the bishop at d5 move in?":
   1 t$="How many directions can the White queen move in?":
   1 t$="How many bishops are on the board at the start of a game?":
   1 t$="How many White pawns are on the board at the start of a game?":
   1 t$="How does White capture the Black pawn?":
   1 t$="Hint: "+s$(s1,o
   1 t$="Here is the Chess Board. It has 8 ranks (rows) and 8 files (columns). The squares are alternately black and white. Notice that the top left-hand corner is always white."
   1 t$="Here is one possible route; there are many others.":
   1 t$="Here is an exercise on en passant. Watch these preliminary moves carefully.":
   1 t$="Here is an example. White's knight on c3 captures Black's pawn on d5.":
   1 t$="Here is an alternative continuation. In both cases Black prefers to lose the knight, the less valuable piece.":
   1 t$="Here is a knight moving from it's start position on b1 to c3.":
   1 t$="Here is a demonstration of pawn h2 queening.":
   1 t$="Here are the four rooks in their start positions.":
   1 t$="Here are the files. They are lettered from a to h. You can see the c file being flashed.":
   1 t$="Here are the White pawns in their starting positions.":
   1 t$="Here are the Black pawns on the seventh rank.":
   1 t$="Here are all four knights in their starting positions.":
   1 t$="Given the choice, would you be White or Black in this situation?":
   1 t$="From what square will the Black queen be able to attack all White's pieces?":
   1 t$="Exercises on the starting positions are given under the sections for the individual pieces.":
   1 t$="Each player starts with 2 knights. On which squares do Black's knights start?"
   1 t$="Do you want to see the solution?":
   1 t$="Do you want to see the race?":
   1 t$="Do you want to see how?":
   1 t$="Do you want to have a go at catching the pawns?":
   1 t$="Do you want another try?":
   1 t$="Do you want another go? (My solution takes 13 moves)":
   1 t$="Count the squares.":
   1 t$="Correct. At g6 the White queen simultaneously attacks the rook f7 and the knight g5.":
   1 t$="Correct. "+i$:
   1 t$="Congratulations - that's the optimum solution":
   1 t$="Compare it with Whites.":
   1 t$="Castling is a special move which allows the king to be moved to safety at the side of the board.":
   1 t$="Capturing is the subject of a section later in the course, but for the moment, you need to understand the basic rule.":
   1 t$="Can the knight avoid capture?":
   1 t$="Can the king get from a1 to a8 via d4 in 7 moves?":
   1 t$="Can the White knight capture?":
   1 t$="Can the White king move?":
   1 t$="Can the White king move to a vacant square?":
   1 t$="Can the White king capture the pawn c3?":
   1 t$="Can the White bishop move and attack the Black bishop?":
   1 t$="Can the Black knight capture without himself being captured?":
   1 t$="Can the Black king move?":
   1 t$="Can White now capture the e5 pawn en passant?":
   1 t$="Can White capture all Blacks pawns before any of them can safely promote to a queen?":
   1 t$="Can Black now capture the e4 pawn en passant?":
   1 t$="But the bishop d7 is already defended by the rook f7 ...":
   1 t$="Both players now castle. Watch closely.":
   1 t$="Black castles Kingside.":
   1 t$="Assuming you are White, what would you reply if Black had made this queen move?":
   1 t$="Are there any other passed pawns in this  position?":
   1 t$="Another starting sequence could be as shown here.":
   1 t$="All White can safely do is capture a pawn with 2. b7-a6. All other captures lose the queen."
   1 t$="Actually, that was not a good move for White to make. You will see why later in the course.":
   1 t$="A simple method of calculating if the king will reach the queening square in time is known as the Rule of the Square.":
   1 t$="3. The e2 and h2 pawns have not yet moved, and still have the option to move forward one or two squares.":
   1 t$="2. White has the option not to capture with the d4 pawn (with d4-c5), and instead can block Black's d6 pawn (with d4-d5).":
   1 t$="2. Moving the rook nearest to the king to the other side of the king."
   1 t$="1.Because c2-f5 gains a pawn? 2.Because of the pawn at g7?":
   1 t$="1.....f7-e7 removes the rook away from the attack, which fizzles out.":
   1 t$="1.....a8-b8 counterattacks against the queen.":
   1 t$="... and the bishop a7 is defended by the knight c8.":
   1 t$="(You need only enter the square you want the knight to move to)":
   1 t$=" Whenever you have a choice of possible captures, take the piece of greater value.":
   1 t$=" The moves are recorded by referring to the starting and finishing square for the piece that moves.":
   1 start,ed,e$:
   1 s$(t,zc*v-zb
   1 s$(t,l4)="1":
   1 s$(t,l4)="1"
   1 routines  
   1 r,q;"x to exit":
   1 r,q;"x to exit     ":
   1 r,q;"Your move     "
   1 r,q;"Sequence ended":
   1 r,q;"NOTES.":
   1 r,q;"My move      ":
   1 r$="Wins a knight.":
   1 r$="White's pawn on d4 is undefended.":
   1 r$="White does not HAVE to capture the Black pawn.":
   1 r$="Two moves is the minimum.":
   1 r$="Three moves is the minimum.":
   1 r$="This time, the Black king is inside the Square.":
   1 r$="This knight controls four squares":
   1 r$="They are both 'white square' bishops, so they can attack each other.":
   1 r$="There are four bishops to start the game, two Black and two White.":
   1 r$="The rook moved across the fourth rank.":
   1 r$="The reasoning is the same. Rooks are best employed on open ranks and files, where they have room to move freely.":
   1 r$="The queening square is the one at which a passed pawn will be promoted, unless halted by an enemy piece.":
   1 r$="The queen is on square f5.":
   1 r$="The queen has the power to attack many pieces at the same time."
   1 r$="The power of the rook is such that he can prevent any pawn safely promoting.":
   1 r$="The pawn moved up the g file.":
   1 r$="The pawn at g7 is shielded by the White knight":
   1 r$="The pawn at f3 protects the White bishop.":
   1 r$="The passed pawn at h2 gives White the better chances.":
   1 r$="The opportunity to capture en passant must be taken immediately the enemy pawn moves two squares forward.":
   1 r$="The knight is a short range piece, and does not have the power to catch both pawns.":
   1 r$="The knight e8 is protected by bishop g6, while the bishop is itself protected by pawn h7.":
   1 r$="The knight cannot move safely to any other square.":
   1 r$="The f7 knight controls 6 squares.":
   1 r$="The bishop moved along the f1-a6 diagonal.":
   1 r$="The White knight can capture one of Blacks men. How?":
   1 r$="The White bishop is not defending f3.":
   1 r$="The Black king is outside the Square.":
   1 r$="The Black bishop g6 stops the king moving to b1 or c2. The Black queen d8 stops him moving to d2.":
   1 r$="She can move in 5 directions from a2 (don't forget a1 and b1 count as directions.)"
   1 r$="Remember, a rook is worth five pawns, a bishop three.":
   1 r$="Promoting the White pawn to queen following g7-g8 gives White a winning advantage.":
   1 r$="Pawns move diagonally forward one square when capturing.":
   1 r$="Pawns can never move backwards.":
   1 r$="Note that the queen stands on her own colour.":
   1 r$="Knight lost":
   1 r$="It is the rook that can move most freely, and cover the most squares.":
   1 r$="It is illegal for kings to stand next to each other, since each would be putting the other into check.":
   1 r$="It is defended by the pawn b4.":
   1 r$="I win":
   1 r$="Generally, the queen is most powerful whan positioned in the centre of the board.":
   1 r$="For which of the following reasons?"::
   1 r$="Five moves are needed. Remember a pawn can move two squares forward on it's first move.":
   1 r$="Each walk takes 7 moves.":
   1 r$="Check":
   1 r$="Both sides start the game with 8 pawns.":
   1 r$="Black is attacking four squares.":
   1 r$="Black has the crucial advantage of starting. In a race to promote pawns it is vital to be a move ahead of your opponent.":
   1 r$="Black captures a knight, but loses his queen.":
   1 r$="Because the bishop is in the centre of the board, he can move in four directions (along the diagonals a2-g8 and a8-h1)":
   1 r$="Because the White rook is no longer on the d file.":
   1 r$="Because the Black queen is no longer attacking down the d file.":
   1 r$="Because Black will respond with b6-c5 (or d6-c5).":
   1 r$="Any move other than a7-a5 results in a draw.":
   1 r$="Although he can capture the White pawn e3, it is being defended by pawn f2.":
   1 r$="After it's first move, a pawn can only move forward one square.":
   1 r$="A pawn which has already moved once cannot be captured en passant.":
   1 r$="A pawn can move one square forward.":
   1 r$="A knight must move one square sideways.":
   1 r$="A knight cannot move 3 spaces along.":
   1 r$="A draw":
   1 q$="b3a6e6e4b7":
   1 q$="By moving his queen next move, White can gain material. Which of these moves is best for White?":
   1 p,q;"Exercise ";ex;" ":
   1 object    
   1 o;"STOP THE TAPE":
   1 o$="pnirqk"
   1 num*t-p);"-";x$(num*t-o
   1 n$=o$(pn)+a$(r
   1 n$=n$+"z"+o$(pn)+a$(o
   1 n$=n$+"w"+o$(pn)+a$(o
   1 n$="z"+o$(pn)+a$(r
   1 n$="x"+a$(r
   1 l3,b3;a$(o
   1 l1=zo+o-i:
   1 k9,q;"She combines the moves of the   Bishop and the Rook; she moves  in straight lines, but this can be along ranks, files or        diagonals."
   1 k9,q;"CHECK occurs when an enemy piecethreatens to capture the King onthe next move.":
   1 k9,q;" 5. The King cannot castle if he    is in Check."
   1 k9,q;" 2. It is the only move in Chess    where two pieces are moved      in a single move."
   1 k8,zp;"LEARN CHESS":
   1 k8,q;"THE MATERIAL CONTAINED IN THIS  TAPE IS THE EXCLUSIVE PROPERTY  OF BRAVELINE LTD.":
   1 k8)="g7-g5":
   1 k8)="g6-e5":
   1 k8)="d2-c5":
   1 k7,q;"End of section."
   1 k7,q;" 1. Each side may castle only       once in each game."
   1 index=t-p*(x$(p)="s"):
   1 index=index+p*(x$(p)="r"):
   1 i;". Rewind the Tape.":
   1 i;". Press Play on your tape         recorder, and wait about ";(g-g1)*2
   1 i;" = ";p$(i,o
   1 i1*zp+1930
   1 i,ze;"                ":
   1 i$="Watch the sequence.":
   1 f$="g6e5":
   1 f$="g2f3f5g6":
   1 f$="f4e4d4c4b4e3d2e5d6c7f5f6f7g3":
   1 f$="e8g6h7":
   1 f$="e4e5":
   1 f$="e3f2":
   1 f$="d8d6e5g5h6h8":
   1 f$="d5c6b7a8e4f3g2h1c4b3a2e6f7g8":
   1 f$="a5b4e5g5":
   1 f$="a3b5":
   1 e;"correct":
   1 e,q;"The knight is the only piece on the Chessboard which can jump   over other men."
   1 e,q;"If all this sounds a little     complicated, it may help you to remember if you know that the   rule was invented to prevent a  pawn escaping capture from an   attacking pawn by moving forwardtwo spaces on it's first move.":
   1 e,q;"En passant is a form of         capturing that only takes place between pawns. The rules are:"
   1 e,q;"Although the pawn is the weakestunit on the Chessboard, this    ability to promote it greatly   increases it's worth, especiallyin the end-game, when few piecesand pawns remain on the board."
   1 e,q;" 3. The pawn must be captured       immediately following it's      first move."
   1 e,q;"  4. A pawn may capture a pawn       or a piece of the opposite      colour, but to do this it       must move DIAGONALLY            forward one square.             Pieces directly in front        of it are not threatened        by it."
   1 e);"-";a$(k7
   1 d;" Try    ":
   1 d,r;".....":
   1 d,q;"You also need to understand whatis meant by Check, and the      different forms it can take."
   1 d,q;"The rules for Castling are:"
   1 d,q;"The Rook is, like the Bishop, a long range piece. The main      difference is that it moves     straight along files or ranks.  It cannot move diagonally."
   1 d,q;"The Queen is the most powerful  and manouverable piece on the   Board."
   1 d,q;"The Pawn is known as the foot-  soldier of the Chess board. It  has some unique characteristics which distinguish it from the   pieces."
   1 d,q;"The King is the most important  piece on the Board. When you    lose your King, you lose the    game."
   1 d,q;"The Bishop is a long range piecewhich can travel from one cornerof the board to the other in onemove."
   1 d,q;"Illegal move  ":
   1 c$="060pqh8":
   1 c$="060pqh1061pqa8":
   1 c$="060pqe1":
   1 c$="060pqa1":
   1 c$="051pqa8060pqh1":
   1 c$="021xe5":
   1 c$="010xe4":
   1 c$(cc+r)="s"
   1 c$(cc+r)="m"
   1 c$(cc+r)="d"
   1 c$(cc+r)="c"
   1 c$(cc+p)=b1
   1 b2)+s$(o,b2+r
   1 a7+k8*(k8-
   1 a$=x$(v*t+p
   1 a$=x$(u*t+o
   1 a$=x$(num*t-r
   1 a$=v$+"xh1":
   1 a$=r$+a$(p
   1 a$=m$(o,zh
   1 a$=c$(cc+t)+c$(cc+d
   1 a$="zrb4":
   1 a$="zqe5":
   1 a$="zqc3":
   1 a$="zpa7b6c5d6e7f6":
   1 a$="zif1":
   1 a$="zid5":
   1 a$="xg1rh1":
   1 a$="xe7qg6zrf7nh5":
   1 a$="xe4ic2":
   1 a$="xd6pe5zqd7":
   1 a$="xc7nb5zqd7":
   1 a$="xc3nb1":
   1 a$="xb3na1":
   1 a$="xb3e7qb1zrf7":
   1 a$="x"+c$(cc+t
   1 a$="white":
   1 a$="rh1zqd5":
   1 a$="rg5h2ia4f8nb8c1":
   1 a$="re6zne3":
   1 a$="ra1zpa7b7c7d7e7":
   1 a$="ra1h1zra8h8":
   1 a$="ra1h1ke1zra8h8ke8":
   1 a$="qb1xf5zid7":
   1 a$="qb1xe8zid7nh5":
   1 a$="qb1xb8zpa6ra8":
   1 a$="pf5zpe7":
   1 a$="pe4zpc6":
   1 a$="pd4zpb6":
   1 a$="pc3f2g3kd2ne4zpb6c4f5g7h6nb5kg8":
   1 a$="pb6qf2zpb7":
   1 a$="pb5e5e3f2nd4kc1zpb6e6nd5kh8":
   1 a$="pb3h5rb2ke2zpb7b6h6ka7":
   1 a$="pa4c2c6g4h3re6kg1zph7ne3e8ig6rc4ka8":
   1 a$="pa3e5f2g2h2nb5id4b3rb1c1qb2kg1zpa7b6f7g7h7nc6ie7e6rc8d8qd7kg8"
   1 a$="pa3c4d4e2f5h2":
   1 a$="pa3b5c3e2f2g3h2nc4ig5ra1h1qa2ke1zpa5b6c7f7g7h7ig6ra8e8qd5kg8":
   1 a$="pa2zph7":
   1 a$="pa2d2f3g3h2nc3ie2rf1qb1kh1zpa6d6f6g7h6nc8h5ia7d7ra8f7kh8":
   1 a$="pa2c2e3f2g3h2na1b6ib2g2re2qg1kb1zpa6b7d6e5f5g5h5ng4f3ic6c7ra7qc8kh6":
   1 a$="pa2b3c4e2kh6zpa3b4c5e3ra8kh8":
   1 a$="pa2b2e3h5if1rh1a1qd1ke1zpd7f5a5rf8c8qd8kg8":
   1 a$="nh1pa6b5c3d5e4f5g3h5zpa7b6c4d6e5f6g4h6":
   1 a$="nd4zpe6":
   1 a$="nb6zqc8":
   1 a$="nb1zpa7h7":
   1 a$="nb1g1znb8g8":
   1 a$="na3d2zng7g6":
   1 a$="na1d5kd1zkg8nh4f7":
   1 a$="n"+x$(u*p-o
   1 a$="n"+a$(r
   1 a$="ke4zka8":
   1 a$="ke1qd2rd1h1id3e3nc3g1pa2b2c2d4e4f4g2h2zkf8qd8ra8h8ib7h6nb8f6pa7b6c7d6e6f7g6h7":
   1 a$="kd5pc5f3zke5pc7f4":
   1 a$="kc2qc4rh8nf6pa4f7zkg7qa3rd1nb3pb4c3h7"
   1 a$="kc1qe2rd1h1ia3nc3pa2b2b3f2g2h2zke6qd8ra8h8ig6nb8e5pa7b7c7g7h7":
   1 a$="kb7zpa7":
   1 a$="kb7zkh1pa7":
   1 a$="ka1pb4zkg7":
   1 a$="ka1pb4zkf7":
   1 a$="ic2pb3f3zic6":
   1 a$="ic2nf6pb3g7b2f2kd1zkb8id4c6pb7c5f5a7d6":
   1 a$="ic1f1":
   1 a$="h8f8":
   1 a$="h2h3h4h5h6h7h8":
   1 a$="h1f1":
   1 a$="g7g8":
   1 a$="g6f7h5":
   1 a$="g4c6e6h3":
   1 a$="g2g6":
   1 a$="f7e7":
   1 a$="f1a6":
   1 a$="e7a3":
   1 a$="e5e6e7e8d5c5b5a5f5g5h5e4e3e2e1f6g7h8d6c7b8f4g3h2d4c3b2a1"
   1 a$="e2h2":
   1 a$="e1e8":
   1 a$="d7f7":
   1 a$="d7f5":
   1 a$="d5d6d7d1":
   1 a$="d4d6":
   1 a$="d4d5e4e5":
   1 a$="d2d3d4d5d6d7d8g6f5e4d3c2b1":
   1 a$="c8a7":
   1 a$="c5f6g5":
   1 a$="c5"+q$(v*2
   1 a$="c3d2f2g3":
   1 a$="c1c2c3c4c5c6c7c8":
   1 a$="c1b2a3d2e3f4g5h6":
   1 a$="black"
   1 a$="b7a7":
   1 a$="b7a6":
   1 a$="b4g4":
   1 a$="b4b5c5d5e5d3f3e6g6g3"
   1 a$="b2c3d4e5f6g7h8":
   1 a$="b2c2d2d3d4d5d6e6f6g6h6":
   1 a$="a8d8":
   1 a$="a8b8":
   1 a$="a4b4c4d4e4f4g4h4":
   1 a$="a2c4":
   1 a$="a2b3c4d5e6f7g8":
   1 a$="a2a3a4a5a6a7a8":
   1 a$="a1d1":
   1 a$="a1b1b2c2d2e2f2g2h2b3c4d5e6f7g8a3a4a5a6a7a8":
   1 a$="a1a8h1h8":
   1 a$="9105d8d1":
   1 a$="9105d7d6":
   1 a$="9105d7d5":
   1 a$="9105d7c7":
   1 a$="1h4e3d4d6e7g7h6g3":
   1 a$="1d7e6g6h7":
   1 a$="1b8b7b6b5b4c4d4e4f4f5f6f7f8e8d8c8":
   1 a$="1a8h8":
   1 a$="1a4c4d3d1":
   1 a$="1a2e2":
   1 a$="1a1a8d4":
   1 a$="1"+r$:
   1 a$="1"+a$:
   1 a$="0a8h8":
   1 a$="0a2e2":
   1 a$="0a1a8d4":
   1 a$="0805e1g1":
   1 a$="0206c3d1":
   1 a$="0105e1c1"
   1 a$="0005e8g8":
   1 a$="0005e8c8":
   1 a$="0"+v$(2
   1 a$="0"+q$:
   1 a$="0"+a$(o
   1 a$(p*i-o)-97
   1 a$(p*i+o):
   1 a$(l9)="x"
   1 a$(l1+o)+u*
   1 a$(l1)="z"
   1 a$(l1)="w"
   1 a$(l1)=" "
   1 a$(l1)<123
   1 a$(l1)<105
   1 a$(l+o)*k8)
   1 Part2     
   1 Part1     ?OP
   1 LearnChess;
   1 It's path to the back rank is not blocked or threatened by enemy pawns, either on it's own file or on the files next to it.!
   1 Created with Ramsoft MakeTZX
   1 ;"UNAUTHORISED USAGE, COPYING,    PUBLICATION OR REPLICATION OF   THE MATERIAL IS AN INFRINGEMENT OF THE COPYRIGHT.":
   1 ;"This load takes about 2 minutes."
   1 ;"Loading Master Routines."
   1 ;". After the program has loaded,   there will be a 30 second       delay before it runs. During    this time, the material you     have selected is being          merged with the Master          routines."
   1 ;")       pressing Fast Forward (for no   more than ";(g-g1-1
   1 ;" seconds), stopping  the tape, then pressing Play.":
   1 ;" ..... ";
   1 ;"       All Rights Reserved":
   1 ,q;"(Enter 0 to leave this section.)":
   1 ,q;"  1. It always moves forward,        never back."
   1 ,"The Board, Starting Play,       Pawns ,and Knights","Bishops, Rooks, Queen, King     and Castling Introduction","Castling Exercises, Check,      Checkmate and Stalemate         Introduction","Stalemate Exercises, Perpetual  Check, Capture, and Pins","Forks, Double Attacks, and      Skewers"
   1 ,"Part 2","THE BISHOP","z","THE ROOK","z","THE QUEEN","z","THE KING","z","CASTLING - INTRODUCTION","CASTLING"
   1 ,"Part 1","THE BOARD","z","STARTING PLAY","z","THE PAWN-BASIC","z","EN PASSANT","z","PAWN PROMOTION","z","THE KNIGHT","z"
   1 )="third":
   1 )="the other":
   1 )="second":
   1 )="ra1h1zra8h8":
   1 )="queen":
   1 )="qd1zqd8":
   1 )="pa2b2c2d2e2f2g2h2zpa7b7c7d7e7f7g7h7":
   1 )="nb1g1znb8g8":
   1 )="knight":
   1 )="ke1zke8"
   1 )="ic1f1zic8f8":
   1 )="h7a7h5a5h4a4h3a3h2a2h1a1":
   1 )="first":
   1 )="e4-e6":
   1 )="e4-e3":
   1 )="bishop":
   1 )="b3d4d4b5a6c7c7b5e6c7c7b5e4d6d6b5b7d6d6b5":
   1 )=" next "
   1 (x$(r)="d"
   1 (x$(d)="w"
   1 (x$(d)="b"
   1 (u$(g+(t-g)*(g-g1=o)*(h=o),i)):
   1 (o*(l6=k7))
   1 (n$(p))*zf
   1 (a$)-o)/p:
   1 (a$(p*i-o))-97
   1 (a$(p*i)))*k8+
   1 (a$(l))-96
   1 "you want :-":
   1 "x for solution":
   1 "x for solution"
   1 "visited ";a$(r
   1 "takes 13 moves"
   1 "routines"
   1 "responses     ":
   1 "position":
   1 "or   n for no ":
   1 "diagonal":
   1 "answer is ";x$;"   "
   1 "again, or type":
   1 "again ,or type":
   1 "a White pawn. ":
   1 "Which section of this program do":
   1 "Unlike the pawn, it can move    backwards as well as forwards."
   1 "Try again     ":
   1 "NOTE:If you're confident enough,you can locate the program more quickly by (after Step ";i-1
   1 "It can do this because of it's  unusual move - one square along and one square diagonally, or toput it another way, two squares along and one square sideways."
   1 "Introductory Course.",5
   1 "CHECKMATE. The purpose of the   game is to Checkmate your       opponent's King. It occurs when capture of the King cannot be   avoided.":
   1 "As a general guide, a Rook is   worth 5 pawns."
   1 "A bishop is generally valued as being worth 3 pawns.":
   1 "2. Turn the cassette over.":
   1 "1. The Part you require is the ":
   1 "(or 0 to exit)":
   1 "(Enter 0 to stop)":
   1 "( ";x$(o);" solutions)":
   1 "& press ENTER":
   1 " program on ";:
   1 " 5. The King is able to capture,    but only if the piece he is     capturing is not itself         defended by another piece."
   1 " 4.She always moves in straight    lines.":
   1 " 4. The squares between the King    and the Rook must be            unoccupied by other pieces."
   1 " 4. The capturing pawn moves        diagonally forward one          square, as if the captured      pawn had only advanced one      square on it's first move.":
   1 " 4. The King is a piece, and can    move backwards as well as       forwards."
   1 " 3.She may capture any enemy       piece, but if she meets a man   of her own colour, she must     stop."
   1 " 3.It may capture any enemy        piece, but if it meets a man    of it's own colour, it must     stop."
   1 " 3.He may capture any enemy        piece as previously shown,      but if he meets a man of his    own colour, he must stop."
   1 " 3. There is no limit to the        number of promoted pieces       you can have on the board."
   1 " 3. The one exception to Rule 2     is when the King castles. In    this case, he moves more        than one square, but he may     still not move into Check.":
   1 " 2.She cannot jump over any        piece.":
   1 " 2.It cannot jump over any         piece (unless it is castling    with the King).":
   1 " 2.He cannot jump over any piece":
   1 " 2. The promotion is played as      part of the same move in        which the pawn reaches the      back rank."
   1 " 2. The captured pawn must be on    a file next to the capturing    pawn, and must have moved       forward two squares on it's     first move."
   1 " 1.A Rook may only move straight   along ranks or files.":
   1 " 1.A Queen can move backwards or   forwards":
   1 " 1.A Bishop may only move          diagonally.":
   1 " 1. Promotion is compulsory."
   1 " 1. Each player has only one        King throughout the game."
   1 " 1. Castling is the only move in    which the King can move more    than one square."
   1 " ";v;". c5-";q$(2
   1 "  At the point of Checkmate,    the game is over, so the King isnever actually captured."
   1 "   minutes while the program       loads."
   1 "     side of the cassette tape."
   1 "      LOADING INSTRUCTIONS":
   1  Braveline ltd. MCMLXXXIII":